Bad Homburg kple tsidzɔƒe kasinowo
Afi si wodzi zero ɖeka le, kple nusita tsieƒe-duwo ŋutɔ nɔ kasinowo me.
Le ƒe 1840-awo me la, Germania ƒe tsieƒe-du Baden-Baden, Wiesbaden kple Bad Homburg ʋli hoʋiʋli ɖe amedzro kesinɔtɔwo ŋu kple kasino siwo nɔ woƒe tsilelefewo gbɔ. Homburg ɖu roulette ƒe aʋa la dzi to zero ɖeka ɖeɖe ɖa me. Prussia tu wo katã nu le ƒe 1872 me.
Tsieƒe ƒe dɔyɔyɔ
Le ƒe alafa 19lia me la, tsieƒe ƒe dɔyɔyɔ xɔa kwasiɖa geɖe eye wòhea ame siwo si ga kple ɣeyiɣi le la vɛ. Duwo ʋli hoʋiʋli le amedzrodzeƒewo, haƒoƒowo kple, tso ƒe 1820-awo me, gafefexɔwo me, siwo Germania ƒe dukɔ sue siwo hiã adzɔga la ɖe mɔ na. Baden-Baden ƒe Kurhaus kple Wiesbaden ƒe Kurhaus wɔ roulette kple trente-et-quarante na amedzro siwo tso dukɔ vovovowo me; Fransetɔwo, amesiwo ƒe kasinowo wotu nu tso ƒe 1837 me la, va le agbɔsɔsɔ me.
Homburg ƒe asiɖeɖe le eme
Bad Homburg nye du sue wu eye wòva emegbe. Blanc nɔviŋutsuwo xɔ mɔɖeɖe la le ƒe 1841 me, eye le ƒe 1843 me la, woɖe gbeƒã ʋuafɔ si ŋu zeroʋuafɔZeroDo gbemumu ɖeka si dzi bɛt sɔsɔe, wuieve alo sɔti ƒe bɛt aɖeke metsyɔna o; kasino ƒe viɖe ƒe dzɔtsoƒe. Woyɔnɛ hã be zero ɖeka, 0.Xlẽe blibo → ɖeka ko le: kasino ƒe viɖeakɔntabubuKasino ƒe viɖeBɛtga ɖe sia ɖe ƒe akpa si kasino la léna ɖe asi le titina me: 2.70% le Europa roulette me.Xlẽe blibo → ɖi afã tso 5.26% yi 2.70%, eye gbeƒãɖeɖe la gblɔe nenema. Fefewɔlawo ʋu yi afima. Hafi ƒe ewo naɖo la, Homburg zu tsieƒe si dzi ame sia ame yina, eye Blanc zu kesinɔtɔ gãtɔ le Hesse. Hoʋiʋlilawo hã va wɔ zero ɖeka mlɔeba, gake ɣemaɣi la, Homburg xɔ ŋkɔ xoxo.
Dostoevsky
Fyodor Dostoevsky bu ga geɖe le Wiesbaden kple Homburg le ƒe 1860-awo me, etsɔ srɔ̃a ƒe ɖɔɖɔwo ɖo awoba, eye wòŋlɔ The Gambler (1866) le ŋkeke 26 me be yeaxe fe na agbalẽtala aɖe. Roulettenburg si le agbalẽ la me nye tsieƒe-duwo ƒe nɔnɔmewo ƒoƒo ƒu, eye alesi wòƒo nu tso kplɔ̃wo, ɖoɖowo kple gafefe ƒe didi sesẽ la ŋu nye agbalẽŋlɔŋlɔ me nuŋlɔɖi nyuitɔ si woŋlɔ kpɔ tso roulette ŋu. Edzudzɔ gafefe le ƒe 1871 me, ƒe ɖeka hafi wotu kplɔ̃awo nu.
1872
Esi Germania ƒo ƒu zu dukɔ ɖeka vɔ la, Prussia tu kasino ɖe sia ɖe nu le Germania; wotu kplɔ̃ mamlɛtɔwo nu le Homburg kple Baden-Baden le Ƒe Yeye ƒe Do ŋgɔ ƒe zã, 1872. Blanc ƒe dɔ la ʋu yi Monaco xoxo le ƒe 1863 me, eye wòtsɔ zero ɖeka la ɖe asi. Germania ƒe tsieƒe-duwo gaʋu woƒe kasinowo le ƒe alafa 20lia me (Baden-Baden le ƒe 1933 me, Homburg kple Wiesbaden le aʋa la megbe) eye wogale roulette zero ɖeka wɔm va se ɖe egbe, kple Frans ƒe se siwo Homburg na wozu dzidzenu.
Nu si tsieƒe-duwo gblẽ ɖi
Ʋuafɔ zero ɖeka, kasino abe dzudzɔƒe ƒe akpa ɖeka ene, kple susu be kasino ʋlia hoʋiʋli le asi me. Roulette fefewɔla si le agbalẽŋlɔŋlɔ me hã: Dostoevsky ƒe Alexei, Turgenev ƒe nukpɔkpɔwo, kple ƒe alafa ɖeka ƒe agbalẽ siwo me tsieƒe ƒe kasino nye afi si ame bua kesinɔnu alo ŋkɔ nyui le. Akɔntabubu la nye 2.70% ɣesiaɣi; tsieƒe-duwo na teƒe la ko.
Nyabiasewo
Ẽ. Kurhaus ƒe kasino la gaʋu le ƒe 1933 me eye wòwɔa roulette zero ɖeka kple Frans ƒe sewo.
Eyae nye gbãtɔ si wɔe ɖoɖo eye wòɖe gbeƒãe. Ʋuafɔ zero ɖeka ʋɛ aɖewo ate ŋu anɔ anyi do ŋgɔ.
Agbenɔnɔ nyui ŋuti dunyahehe, kple dukɔ ɖeka si ƒo ƒu si mehiã fiaɖuƒe sue ƒe gafefe ƒe adzɔga o.
Nukokoe sue
Tsieƒe-duwo ʋli hoʋiʋli le nu sia nu me. Homburg ʋli hoʋiʋli le zero la me.
Nunyaƒewo
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.